شناسایی و ارائه الگوی موانع و چالش‌های تعاملات بین‌المللی اعضای هیئت علمی دانشگاه تبریز

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی آموزش عالی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار مدیریت آموزشی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

هدف: یکی از راه‌های پویایی علمی در هر کشور و توسعه علمی آموزش عالی و اعضای هیأت علمی هر دانشگاه در سطح جهان، تعاملات بین‌المللی اعضای هیأت علمی می‌باشد. هدف این پژوهش شناسایی موانع و چالش‌های تعاملات بین‌المللی اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه تبریز و ارائه مدلی برای این موانع و چالش‌هاست.
مواد و روش: این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از رویکرد کیفی انجام شده است و از روش تحلیل محتوای عرفی و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار MAXQDA 2018 انجام شده است. در این پژوهش مشارکت‌کنندگان 15 نفر از اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه تبریز بودند که با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و با استفاده از تکنیک گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با آن‌ها صورت گرفت و این مصاحبه‌ها تا رسیدن به حد اشباع داده‌ها ادامه یافت، بعد از هر مصاحبه، پژوهشگر به کدگذاری باز آن می‌پرداخت و پس از کدگذاری باز، کدگذاری محوری در دو مرحله انجام شده تا مقوله‌های اصلی شناسایی شدند. اعتبار این مصاحبه‌ها با استفاده از دو راهبرد تحلیل و بازبینی توسط مشارکت کنندگان و بازبینی توسط همکاران پژوهشگر صورت گرفت.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج تحلیل این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که مدل موانع و چالش‌های تعاملات بین‌المللی شناسایی شده دارای چهار بعد اصلی موانع و چالش‌های فردی، موانع و چالش‌های سازمانی، موانع و چالش‌های ملی و موانع و چالش‌های فراملی می‌باشد. نتایج نشان داد که ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ فردی از ﺳﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ (اﻧﮕﯿـﺰه ﮐـﻢ اﻋﻀﺎی ﻫﯿﺄت ﻋﻠﻤﯽ ﺑﺮای داﺷﺘﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت بین‌المللی، ﺗﺴﻠﻂ ناکافی اﻋﻀﺎی ﻫﯿـﺄت ﻋﻠﻤـﯽ ﺑـﻪ یک‌زبان بین‌المللی و ﺿﻌﻒ توانایی‌ها و مهارت‌های ﻋﻠﻤـﯽ- ﭘﮋوﻫﺸـﯽ اﻋﻀـﺎی ﻫﯿـﺄت ﻋﻠﻤـﯽ)، موانع سازمانی از چهار مؤلفه (ﺣﻤﺎﯾـﺖ ناکافی ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر داﻧﺸﮕﺎه از ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت بین‌المللی اﻋﻀﺎی ﻫﯿﺄت ﻋﻠﻤﯽ، ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺖ ناکافی ﻓﺮﻫﻨـﮓ داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه از ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت بین‌المللی اﻋﻀﺎی ﻫﯿـﺄت ﻋﻠﻤـﯽ، ﺣﻤﺎﯾـﺖ ناکافی ﻣـﺎﻟﯽ داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه از ﺗﻌـﺎﻣﻼت بین‌المللی اﻋﻀﺎی هیأت علمی و ضعف نیروی انسانی متخصص در بخش‌های مختلف سازمان)، ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ سازمانی از سه مؤلفه (فرهنگی و اجتماعی، اقتصادی و علمی) و ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ فراملی از دو مؤلفه (ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و تحریم‌های بین‌المللی) ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. مدل پیشنهادی می‌تواند به عنوان یک مدل، مبنای شناسایی، اقدام و ارزیابی جهت رفع موانع و چالش‌های تعاملات بین‌المللی اعضای هیأت علمی و در راستای افزایش این‌گونه تعاملات، فراروی مسئولان ذی‌ربط قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Presenting the Model of Barriers and Challenges of International Interactions of Faculty Members of Tabriz University

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Tarassoli 1
  • Abolfazl Ghasemzadeh Alishahi 2
  • Peyman Yarmohammadzade 2
1 M.A in Management and Planning in Higher Education, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Educational Management, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objectives: One of the ways of scientific dynamism in any country and scientific development of higher education and faculty members of any university in the world is through the international interactions of faculty members. The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers and challenges of international interactions of faculty members of Tabriz University to provide a model for these barriers and challenges.
Materials and Methods: This research was done by using a qualitative approach through conventional content analysis method using MAXQDA 2018 software. Participants in this study were 15 faculty members of Tabriz University selected by systematic sampling method using the snowball technique. After semi-structured interviews with the participants, these interviews continued until the data saturation was gained; then, the researcher did the open coding, and after that, the axial coding was done in two steps until the main categories were identified. The validity of these interviews was assessed by using two strategies of analysis and review by participants and research colleagues.
Discussion and Conclusions: The analysis results of the study showed that the identified barriers and challenges of international interactions have four main dimensions including individual barriers and challenges, organizational barriers and challenges, national barriers and challenges, and transnational barriers and challenges. Results showed that the individual barriers and challenges included three components ( low motivation of faculty members to have international interactions, insufficient mastery of faculty members in an international language, and weakness of scientific-research abilities and skills of faculty members), the organizational barriers consisted of four components (inadequate support of university structure from international interactions of faculty members, insufficient support of university culture from international interactions of faculty members, insufficient financial support of university from international interactions of faculty members, weakness of expert human resources in different organizational sections), the national barriers and challenges included three elements (cultural, social, economic, and scientific components), and the transnational barriers and challenges had two elements (political obstacles and international sanctions). The proposed model can be used as a basis for identifying, acting, and evaluating to remove barriers and challenges to international interactions of faculty members for the relevant authorities to increase those interactions.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Identification
  • Barriers and Challenges
  • International Interactions
  • Faculty Members

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