الگوی طراحی آموزشی مبتنی بر پروژه با الهام از رویکرد سازنده‌گرایی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

یادگیری مبتنی بر پروژه یک رویکرد یادگیری عمیق و جامع برای تدریس و یادگیری در کلاس است که دانش­آموزان را در بررسی و کاوش مسائل معتبر و با ارزش درگیر می­سازد. پروژه­ها تکالیف پیچیده و مبتنی بر سؤالات و مسائل چالش­برانگیزی هستند که دانش­آموزان را در طراحی، حل مسأله، تصمیم­گیری یا فعالیت­های جستجوگرانه درگیر ساخته و فرصتی به آن­ها اعطاء می­کنند تا به­طور نسبتاً مستقل در دوره­های زمانی طولانی مدت، نسبت به یادگیری اقدام کرده و محصولات یا ارائه­های واقع­گرایانه تولید کنند. این نوع یادگیری، به جای ساختار خشک و بسته دارای یک چهارچوب پیچیده و انعطاف­پذیر است. این چهارچوب ویژگی­هایی دارد که توصیف­کننده تعاملات تدریس- یادگیری می­باشد. این مقاله شامل دو بخش است. در بخش نخست، ابتدا رویکرد سازنده­گرایی و پیشینه مربوط به قلمرو یادگیری مبتنی بر پروژه عرضه شده، و سپس الگوی طراحی آموزشی مبتنی بر رویکرد پروژه ارائه می­شود. در بخش دوم، ضمن مطرح کردن یادگیری وب پروژه، الگوی طراحی آموزشی متناسب با آن نیز ارائه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Model for Educational Design Based on a Protect inspired by Constructivist Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahmatollah Khosravi 1
  • Hashem Fardanesh 2
1 PhD student in curriculum planning at Tarbiat Modares University
2 Associate Professor Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

is based on a project with an approach to learning which is deep and comprehensive for teaching- learning situation in the classroom which engage students in probing and discovering valid and valuable problems. Projects are complex tasks and are-based on problems and questions which are challenging which engages students in designing, problem-solving, decision making or discovery activity and which provide them an opportunity for learning for long periods of time relatively independent which also result in producing artifacts or presenting matters realistically. This kind of learning instead of having an inflexible and closed structure has a complex and flexible frame work. This frame work has characterizes which are descriptive of teaching-learning interactions. This article has two parts in the first part, constructivist approach and its background relating to that learning domain which is based on project is presently and then a model for educational design based on project approach is discussed. In the second part, while mentoring project based on web-learning, a educational design model suitable to that will be presented as well.       

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • model for educational design
  • Project-based learning
  • Web Project
  • Constructivism

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