طراحی مدل رهیاری مدیران مبتنی بر بهره‌وری و توسعه فعالیت‌های دانش بنیان در سازمان آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد و حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور،تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد و حسابداری، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت، اقتصاد و حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد و حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: سازمان آموزش و پرورش به‌عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین سازمان‌های کشور مسئولیت آموزش و پرورش نسل‌های آینده و انتقال دانش به آن‌ها را بر عهده دارد. این سازمان باید بتواند از دانش و توانایی‌های موجود درون سازمان به بهترین نحو استفاده کرده و هم‌چنین دامنه فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان و آموزشی را گسترش دهد. در چنین شرایطی، با توجه به اهمیت حیاتی نقش این سازمان در توسعه همه‌جانبه کشور و نیاز مدیران آن به هدایت صحیح، طراحی مدل مناسب رهبری و مدیریت مبتنی بر بهره‌وری و توسعه فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان، براساس اصول دانش‌محور ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. با توجه به اهمیت و نقش رهیاری مدیران در دانش‌بنیان شدن سازمان آموزش و پرورش، پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل رهیاری مدیران مبتنی بر بهره‌وری و توسعه فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان در سازمان آموزش و پرورش استان گیلان انجام شد. در مدل‌ رهیاری مدیران مبتنی بر توسعه فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان، دانش به‌عنوان یک منبع استراتژیک در نظر گرفته می‌شود و در آن فرایندهایی را برای خلق، اشتراک و کاربرد دانش در سازمان تعریف می‌گردد. هم‌چنین، این مدل بر نقش کلیدی مدیران در تسهیل جریان دانش، ایجاد فرهنگ یادگیری و ترویج نوآوری و کاربرد مؤثر آن در سازمان تمرکز می‌کند. این امر می‌تواند منجر به افزایش کیفیت آموزش، ارتقای عملکرد دانش‌آموزان، و بهبود کلی کارایی سازمان شود. در این راستا، طراحی مدل رهبری مناسب برای مدیران آموزش و پرورش با در نظر گرفتن ویژگی‌های سازمانی و محیطی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است و این مدل باید فرایندهای مدیریت دانش، تسهیل یادگیری سازمانی و ترویج فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان را نیز دربر گیرد.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر از حیث روش، از نوع تحلیل محتوای کیفی استقرایی است و یک پژوهش کیفی بر مبنای مصاحبه بوده که در آن از نظرات 35 نفر از خبرگان و متخصصان آموزشی در حوزه رهیاری و فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان استفاده شده است که به جهت نمونه‌گیری براساس روش هدفمند (قضاوتی) از نوع نمونه‌گیری خبره و تا حد اشباع نظری استفاده گردید. در پژوهش حاضر، مصاحبه‌ها به‌صورت نیمه‌ساختاریافته انجام شده و سپس محتوای مصاحبه‌ها به جهت کدگذاری و مقوله‌بندی محتوا مورد بررسی محققان قرار گرفت. براساس نتایج کدگذاری، از مجموع 35 مصاحبه‌ای که انجام شد، در ابتدا 92 کد و 32 زیرمقوله استخراج گردید و سپس با تحلیل این کدها و زیرمقوله‌ها، نهایتاً 15 مقوله اصلی استخراج گردیدعوامل فشار داخلی و عوامل کشش خارجی شامل 11مؤلفه و 34 مفهوم شد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که مدل حاصل از انجام این تحقیق دارای پنج دسته عامل اصلی بوده که عبارت‌اند از: 1. عوامل ضروری تحقیق، 2. پدیده محوری و بنیادین پژوهش، 3. اقدامات و راهبردها، 4. موانع توسعه رشد، 5. عوامل زیربنایی و بسترساز درونی و بیرونی 6. پیامدهای مورد انتظار حاصل از اجرای اقدامات. طبق نتایج بدست آمده، رهیاری مدیران مبتنی بر بهره‌وری و توسعه فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان منجر به رشد دانش‌آموزان و معلمان خلاق در کشور و در نتیجه تجاری‌سازی دستاوردهای تحقیق و توسعه پژوهش‌ها و اختراعات دانش‌آموزی و در نهایت دستیابی به توسعه پایدار و اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان و رسیدن به سوی خودکفایی سازمان آموزش و پرورش نیز خواهد شد. برخی از مؤلفه‌های مهم مدل پیشنهادی حاضر برای رهبری مدیران آموزش و پرورش مبتنی بر بهره‌وری و توسعه فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان، شامل موارد زیر است: ایجاد فرهنگ سازمانی مبتنی بر یادگیری و اشتراک دانش؛ توسعه زیرساخت‌های فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات؛ تشویق و حمایت از فعالیت‌های نوآورانه و خلاقانه؛ توسعه مهارت‌های مدیریت دانش و رهبری درمدیران؛ ایجاد ساختارهای سازمانی منعطف و مشارکتی؛ پایش مستمر فرایندها و نتایج.
با پیاده‌سازی این مدل، سازمان‌های آموزشی می‌توانند از مزایای مدیریت دانش و فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان بهره‌مند شوند و بهره‌وری و کارایی خود را افزایش دهند. این امر منجر به ارتقای کیفیت آموزش، بهبود عملکرد دانش‌آموزان و تربیت نیروی انسانی خلاق و ماهر خواهد شد. لازم به ذکر است که پیاده‌سازی موفق این مدل نیازمند تعهد و حمایت قوی از سوی مدیران ارشد و ایجاد بستر مناسب برای تغییر و پذیرش نوآوری در سازمان است. هم‌چنین آموزش و توانمندسازی کارکنان در زمینه مدیریت دانش و فعالیت‌های دانش‌بنیان امری ضروری خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Coaching Model for Managers Based on Productivity and Development of Knowledge-based Activities in Education and Training Organizations

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narjes Haghparast kenarsari 1
  • Reza Rasuli 2
  • Mir Hadi Moazen Jamshidi 3
  • Majid Zamahani 4
1 P.hD. Student of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objectives: The Education and Training Organization, as one of the most important organizations in the country, is responsible for the education and training of future generations and the transfer of knowledge to them. This organization should be able to use the knowledge and abilities within the organization in the best way and also expand the range of knowledge-based and educational activities. In such a situation, considering the vital importance of the role of this organization in the all-round development of the country and the need for its managers for proper guidance, it seems necessary to design a suitable model of leadership and management based on productivity and the development of knowledge-based activities, based on knowledge-based principles. Considering the importance and role of managers' guidance in the knowledge-based education organization, the present research was conducted to design a manager's guidance model based on productivity and the development of knowledge-based activities in the education organization of Gilan province. In the managers' guidance model based on the development of knowledge-based activities, knowledge is considered a strategic resource, and processes are defined for the creation, sharing, and application of knowledge in the organization. Also, this model focuses on the key role of managers in facilitating the flow of knowledge, creating a culture of learning, and promoting innovation and its effective application in the organization. This can lead to increasing the quality of education, improving student performance, and improving the overall efficiency of the organization. In this regard, designing a suitable leadership model for education managers considering organizational and environmental characteristics is of great importance, and this model should also include knowledge management processes, facilitating organizational learning, and promoting knowledge-based activities.
Materials and Methods: The present study is an inductive qualitative content analysis in terms of method, and it was a qualitative research based on interviews, in which the 
opinions of 35 experts and educational specialists in the field of guidance and knowledge-based activities were used. It is that for sampling based on the purposeful (judgmental) method, the type of expert sampling was used up to the point of theoretical saturation. In the present study, the interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner and then the content of the interviews was examined by the researchers to code and categorize the content. Based on the results of coding, 92 codes, and 32 subcategories were extracted from the total of 35 interviews that were conducted, and then by analyzing these codes and subcategories, finally 15 main categories were extracted. 
Discussion and Conclusion: Discussion and Conclusions: The findings of the research showed that the model resulting from this research has six categories of main factors, which are: 1. Necessary research factors, 2. the central and fundamental phenomenon of research, 3. Actions and strategies, 4. Obstacles to the development of growth, 5. Internal and external underlying and foundational factors 6. Expected consequences resulting from the implementation of actions. According to the obtained results, the guidance of managers based on productivity and the development of knowledge-based activities leads to the growth of creative students and teachers in the country and as a result commercialization of research and development achievements of research and student inventions and in the ultimate achievement of sustainable development and knowledge-based economy and the self-sufficiency of the education organization will also be achieved. Some of the important components of the current proposed model for the leadership of education managers based on productivity and the development of knowledge-based activities include the following: creating an organizational culture based on learning and knowledge sharing; development of information and communication technology infrastructure; encouraging and supporting innovative and creative activities; developing knowledge management and leadership skills in managers; creating flexible and collaborative organizational structures; continuous monitoring of processes and results. By implementing this model, educational organizations can benefit from the benefits of knowledge management and knowledge-based activities and increase their productivity and efficiency. This will lead to improving the quality of education, improving the performance of students, and training creative and skilled human resources. It should be noted that the successful implementation of this model requires strong commitment and support from senior managers and the creation of a suitable platform for change and acceptance of innovation in the organization. Also, training and empowering employees in the field of knowledge management and knowledge-based activities will be essential. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Coaching
  • Knowledge-based Activities
  • Education
  • Content Analysis

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