ارائه مدلی جهت خلق ظرفیت‌های نوآوری در مدیریت دانشگاهی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیارگروه علوم تربیتی، مدیریت آموزش عالی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلام واحد اسلامشهر، تهران، ایران

2 استادگروه آموزش عالی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیارگروه آموزش عالی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

10.52547/MPES.14.1.43

چکیده

هدف: تربیت نیروی انسانی متخصص برای سال‌های آینده، انجام تحقیقات برای مشکلات، نوآوری و خلاقیت برای حل مسائل، ایفای نقش پیشتاز در امور علمی و فرهنگی، ارتباط با تحولات علمی جهان و انتقال دانش علمی و فناوری به کشور از جمله ضرورت وجودی دانشگاه است. در این راستا ایجاد منابع مالی و توامندی علمی ضرورتی انکارناپذیر است. برای تحقق این مهم داشتن مدلی راهبردی ضروری است لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه مدلی برای خلق ظرفیت‌های نوآوری در مدیریت دانشگاهی ایران صورت گرفته است.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش با رویکرد آمیخته (کیفی و کمی) انجام شد. روش تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت توصیفی از نوع پیمایشی بوده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را 248 نفر از رؤسا، معاونان پژوهش و فناوری، آموزشی، هیأت علمی برجسته و متخصصان خبره آموزش عالی تشکیل داده‌اند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای تصادفی به نسبت سهمی و استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 212 نفر انتخاب گردیده‌اند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه 106سؤالی بوده است که روایی آن از طریق مصاحبه با 17 نفر از خبرگان آموزش عالی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. پایایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از روش α کرونباخ برابر با 88 /0 بدست آمده است. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها در بخش کیفی از روش کدگذاری (برگرفته از روش نظریه داده بنیاد) استفاده گردیده و در نهایت با تدوین پرسشنامه و با استفاده از روش دلفی به تعیین اعتبار پرسشنامه پرداخته شد. برای تحلیل داده‌های کمی از آزمون‌های آماری کلموگروف اسمیرنوف جهت تعیین نرمال بودن داده‌ها، تحلیل عاملی تأییدی برای تعیین روایی ابزار و مدل معادلات ساختاری برای آزمون الگو و ... استفاده شده است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داده است که «سازماندهی و ساختار سازمانی»، «فرایندهای سازمانی» و «منابع و تجهیزات» به‌عنوان مؤلفه‌ها و «فرهنگ سازمانی»، «مدیریت سرمایه انسانی»، «رهبری و مدیریت استراتژیک دانش»، «آموزش و ارتقاء علمی» و «پژوهش و فناوری» عوامل مؤثر بر نوآوری شناسایی شده‌اند. بر این اساس دانشگاه‌ها جهت هم راستا شدن با تغییرات جهانی، ضروری است تا به‌عنوان مرجع علمی، آموزشی و پژوهشی آمادگی لازم را در حوزه رهبری و آموزش کسب نمایند. به علاوه تربیت و رشد حرفه‌ای راهبران سیستم (اعضای هیأت علمی)، طراحی مجدد فرایندهای دانشگاه، فراهم‌سازی بستر و زمینه سخت‌افزاری و نرم‌افزاری، هموار نمودن چالش‌های مدیریتی از طریق توانمندسازی مدیران، تبیین ساز و کارهای عملیاتی جهت توسعه و بهبود شرایط، تشکیل و فعال‌سازی کمیته ستادی در دانشگاه برای آغاز، هدایت، پشتیبانی و استمرار نوآوری، بهره‌برداری از کلیه امکانات دانشگاه به‌ویژه اعضاء هیأت علمی جهت توسعه فرهنگ نوآوری، در نظر گرفتن اعتبارات و بودجه مجزا برای اجرای فعالیت‌های نوآوری، فراهم نمودن زمینه استقلال بیشتر مدیریت واحدهای دانشگاهی جهت پیاده‌سازی ایده‌ها و فروش تولیدات علمی جهت تقویت بنیه مالی دانشگاه اهم اقداماتی است که مدیران دانشگاه‌ها می‌بایست بی‌وقفه به آن پرداخته تا در راستای توسعه پایدار گام بردارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Providing a Model for the Creation of Innovation Capacities in Iran’s University Administration

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nader Barzegar 1
  • Nadergholi Ghourchian 2
  • Ali Taghipur 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Higher Educational Management, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor Department of Higher Education, Faculty of Management and Economics, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Higher Education, Faculty of Management and Economics, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: The necessity of university is to train specialized human resources for the coming years, to conduct research on problems, innovation and creativity to solve problems, to play a leading role in scientific and cultural affairs, to communicate with scientific developments in the world and to transfer scientific and technological knowledge to the country. In this regard, the creation of financial resources and scientific co-existence is an undeniable necessity. In order to achieve this important goal, it is necessary to have a strategic model. Hence, the present study aims to provide a model for creating innovation capacity in Iranian university management.
Materials and Methods: The research was conducted with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative). The research method was applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of descriptive nature. The statistical population of the study consists of 248 heads, vice chancellors for research and technology, education, outstanding faculty and experts in higher education. Using the stratified random sampling method in proportion to the proportion and using the Cochran's formula, 212 people were selected. The data collection tool was a 106-item questionnaire whose validity was confirmed through interviews with 17 higher education experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's α method equal to 0.88. In order to analyze the data in the qualitative part, the coding method (derived from the data theory) was used, and finally the validity of the questionnaire was determined by compiling a questionnaire and using the Delphi method. To analyze quantitative data, Clemogrov Smirnov statistical tests were used to assess the normality of the data; confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the validity of tools and structural equation models for pattern testing, and so on.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that "organizational organization and structure", "organizational processes" and "resources and equipment" as components and "organizational culture", "human capital management", "leadership and strategic knowledge management", "Scientific education and promotion" and "research and technology" have been identified as factors influencing innovation. Accordingly, in order to be in line with global changes, universities need to be prepared as a scientific, educational and research reference in the field of leadership and education. In addition, training and professional development of system leaders (faculty members), redesign of university processes, providing a platform for hardware and software, smoothing management challenges by empowering managers, explaining operational mechanisms to develop and improve conditions , Forming and activating a staff committee in the university to initiate, guide, support and continue innovation, utilizing all facilities of the university, especially faculty members to develop a culture of innovation, considering separate credits and budgets for implementing innovation activities, providing grounds Increasing the independence of the management of university units to implement ideas and sell scientific products to strengthen the financial strength of the university is one of the most important measures that university administrators must take constantly to take steps towards sustainable development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Capacity creation
  • University
  • Management
  • Educational System
  • Innovation
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