تبیین معیارهای مطلوب استقلال دانشگاهی و آثار آن بر آموزش عالی ایران از منظر حقوقی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.تهران. ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق عمومی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی.

چکیده

هدف: در عصر حاضر، دانشگاه‌ها به‌مثابه سازمان‌هایی تلقی می‌شوند که دارای پیچیدگی‌های فراوان هستند. در این راستا، مسأله اعطای استقلال به دانشگاه‌ها به این پیچیدگی دامن می‌زند. با توجه به اهمیت این مسأله، پژوهش حاضر به تبیین معیارهای مطلوب استقلال دانشگاهی و آثار آن برای آموزش عالی ایران پرداخته است.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر کیفی بوده و از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و از نوع مطلوب برای انتخاب شرکت‌کنندگان در نمونه تحقیق استفاده شد. در این راستا، با مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با 13 نفر از خبرگان و سیاست‌گذاران حوزه آموزش عالی، اشباع نظری در داده‌ها حاصل گردید. در تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی به‌منظور کدگذاری و مقوله‌بندی بهره‌گرفته شده است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که معیارهای مطلوب استقلال دانشگاهی دربرگیرنده استقلال ساختاری، استقلال محتوایی، استقلال مالی، جامعیت پاسخگویی و استقلال در تصمیم‌گیری می‌شود. هم‌چنین چابک شدن دانشگاه‌ها، پیشتازی در عرصه علم و فناوری، دانشگاه محوری، پاسخگویی دقیق‌تر به ذی‌نفعان بیرونی و اثرات منفی ناشی از آماده نبودن بستر لازم برای اعطای استقلال دانشگاهی به‌عنوان اثرات استقلال دانشگاهی برای حوزه آموزش عالی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در مجموع می‌توان گفت که تمرکززدایی و اعطای اختیارات به دانشگاه‌ها در زمینه امور مربوط به خود، از اولویت‌های اساسی آموزش عالی در نیل به آرمان‌های متصور برای آن در افق چشم‌انداز 1404 است و متولیان و دست‌اندرکاران آموزش عالی لازم است با اتخاذ تدابیر و راه کارهایی به حل مسایل در زمینه اعطای استقلال به دانشگاه‌ها و مساعد نمودن بستر و شرایط لازم برای آن کمک نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the Desirable Criteria of Academic Independence and its Effect on Iranian Higher Education from a Legal Perspective

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Jalali 1
  • Kiomars Ghanbari 2
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. candidate in Public Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: In the present era, universities are considered as organizations with a lot of complexities. In this regard, academic independence plays a significant role in creating this complexity. Given the importance of this issue, the present study aims to evaluate the desirable criteria for academic independence and its implications for higher education.
Materials and methods: In the present qualitative study, a purposeful sampling method was used for data collection. In this regard, theoretical saturation of the data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with 13 experts and policymakers in the field of higher education. Then, a qualitative content analysis was used for coding and categorizing.
Result and Discussion: The results indicated that the desirable criteria related to academic independence include structural independence, content independence, financial independence, accountability, and decision-making aspects. Further, the agility of universities, advances in science and technology, focusing on the university as the basis, more accountable external stakeholders, and the negative effects of not being prepared for independency have been considered as the effects of academic independence in the area of higher education.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • academic independence
  • Higher education
  • University
  • Legal Perspective

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