کشف و شناسایی ابعاد، مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص های الگوی شایستگی مدیران پارک‌های علم و فناوری ایران با استفاده از مدل معادلات ساختاری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف «طراحی  الگوی شایستگی مدیران پارک‌های علم و فناوری ایران» به‌عنوان یک نهاد علمی-تحقیقاتی دانش بنیان طراحی و اجرا شد. این پژوهش از نظر هدف از نوع تحقیق‌های توسعه‌ای، از نظر نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها از نوع تحقیق‌های‌ توصیفی-تحلیلی (غیرآزمایشی) و برحسب روش اجرا از نوع تحقیق‌های آمیخته محسوب می‌شود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل سه دسته مدیران پارک‌ها، کارشناسان خبره و باتجربه پارک‌ها و خبرگان و اساتید دانشگاهی که در زمینه شایستگی‌های مدیریتی فعالیت داشته‌اند، می‌باشد. برای نمونه‌گیری از جامعه آماری در بخش کیفی از روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله برفی و در بخش کمی از روش تصادفی هدفمند استفاده شد. جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز در بخش کیفی به صورت بررسی کتابخانه‌ای (کتب و مقالات) و مصاحبه و در بخش کمی به صورت میدانی و با استفاده از پرسشنامه عمل شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نیز از روش‌های آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی از جمله تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی، آزمون تی، آزمون خی دو استفاده شد. نتایج بدست آمده بدین شرح است: در مرحله اول با رویکرد کیفی و از نوع روش تحلیل محتوا با نظام مقوله‌ای (کدگذاری)، 198 کد مفهوم بدست آمد که بعد از هم دسته کردن کد مفهوم‌ها 84 شاخص شناسایی گردید که این 84 شاخص ذیل 9 مؤلفه اصلی و در قالب سه بعد شایستگی‌های عمومی، شایستگی‌های میان فردی و شایستگی‌های تخصصی صورت‌بندی گردید. در مرحله دوم، با رویکرد کمی پرسشنامه محقق ساخته تهیه گردید و روایی و پایایی آن مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. میزان پایایی (آلفای کرونباخ) بدست آمده برای بعد شایستگی‌های عمومی (899/0)، بعد شایستگی‌های اجتماعی (875/0) و بعد شایستگی‌های تخصصی (949/0) می‌باشد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی شایستگی‌های مدیران پارک‌های علم و فناوری نشان می‌دهد شایستگی مدیران شامل 74 شاخص، 19 مؤلفه و 3 بعد می‌باشد. بعد شایستگی‌های عمومی دارای 4 مؤلفه؛ ادراکی، نگرشی، نوآوری و شخصیتی می‌باشد. بعد شایستگی‌های میان فردی دارای 7 مؤلفه؛ کارتیمی، رهبری، ارتباطات مؤثر، مشارکت و همفکری، تفکر جهانی، شبکه‌سازی و بینش استراتژیک می‌باشد. بعد شایستگی‌های تخصصی دارای 8 مؤلفه؛ مدیریت فناوری، مدیریت سرمایه‌گذاری، مدیریت مالی، مدیریت بازاریابی، مدیریت استراتژیک، مدیریت محیطی، نظارت و ارزیابی و مدیریت اجرایی می‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Detecting and Identifcating Dimensions and Components Competency Model of Science and Technology Parks Iran's Managers, With Use Structural Equation Modeling

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahmatolah Allahyari 1
  • Mahmod Abolghasemi 2
  • Mohammad Ghahremani 2
1 University of Tehran
2 Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

The present study aims to design the competency model of managers of Iranian science and technology parks, as knowledge-based scientific and research institutions. This is a non-experimental research using a descriptive-analytical design with developmental objective, which was conducted through a mixed method. The study population includes three groups, namely managers, experts, and academics of the parks with managerial competencies. Qualitative sampling was done through snowball method, and a targeted random sampling was employed for quantitative part. Qualitative data was collected through desk study (of books and papers) and interview, a field study and a questionnaire inquiry were conducted for collection of quantitative data. The data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), T test, and Chi-square test. In the first stage, 198 concept codes were obtained through the qualitative approach specifically content analysis with category systems (coding). Then, 84 indices were identified after categorizing the codes. These indices were formed under nine main components and in three dimensions, namely general competency, interpersonal competency, and professional competency. During the second stage, a questionnaire was made and its validity and reliability were measured. The reliability (Cronbach's alpha) for general, social, and professional competencies was 0.899, 0.875, and 0949 respectively. The results of EFA and CFA analyses showed that the competency of managers of science and technology parks included 74 indices, 19 components, and 3 dimensions. Four components for general competency included perception attitude, innovation, and personality. Seven components for interpersonal competency were team work, leadership, effective communication, participation and consultation, global thinking, networking, and strategic insight. Eight components for professional competency considered as IT management, investment management, financial management, marketing management strategic management, environmental management, monitoring and evaluation and executive management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • competency
  • competency model
  • science and technology parks of Iran

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