ارائه الگویی برای تجاری‌سازی دانش: الگویی مفهومی و آزمون تجربی آن

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف : هدف اول پژوهش حاضر شناسایی مقوله‌ها و مفاهیم تجاری‌سازی دانش جهت ارائه یک الگوی مفهومی است. و هدف دوم آن آزمون تجربی الگوی مفهومی تجاری سازی دانش می‌باشد.
مواد و روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر با راهبرد ترکیبی از نوع اکتشافی انجام شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش رؤسا، مدیران گروه و استادان دانشگاه، متخصصان مراکز رشد دانشگاهی و پارک علم و فناوری در استان گیلان بودند. برای انجام پژوهش، در مرحله کیفی30 نفر با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و در مرحله کمی، 230 نفر با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای به‌عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. در مرحله کیفی، با نمونه‌ها مصاحبه عمیق تا دستیابی به اشباع نظری موضوع انجام شد و در مرحله کمی، از مشارکت‌کنندگان درخواست شد تا به پرسشنامه پژوهش پاسخ دهند. برای تحلیل اطلاعات مرحله کیفی از روش تئوری داده بنیاد و برای تحلیل داده‌های کمی از روش مدل معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد.  
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: در مرحله کیفی، با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای استقرایی مصاحبه‌ها و رویکرد سیستمی اشتراوس و کوربین در طی سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، 146 مفهوم اولیه، 23 مفهوم ثانویه و 9 مقوله عمده (سرمایه فکری، بهره‌وری دانشگاهی، سیاست‌ها و قابلیت‌های سازمانی، نهادینه کردن تجاری‌سازی، بسترسازی، شبکه‌سازی (شبکه‌گرایی)، خلق دانش، دستیابی به توان رقابتی، قابلیت تجاری‌سازی دانش) استخراج گردید که در مرحله کدگذاری محوری، مفاهیم به دست آمده از مرحله کدگذاری باز در قالب: شرایط علی، پدیده محوری، عوامل زمینه‌ای، عوامل مداخله‌گر، راهبردها و پیامدها به صورت الگوی پارادایمی به هم مرتبط گردید. و در ادامه الگوی مفهومی پژوهش ارائه شد. در مرحله کمی، مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌های شناسایی شده به روش معادلات ساختاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتابج برازش‌های الگوی تأییدی مرتبه دوم (مقدار گزارش شدة خی دو، مقدار خی دو تقسیم بر درجة آزادی که کمتر از 3 و شاخص برازش مقایسه‌ای، بیشتر از 9/0) ، و نتایج بار عاملی (ضریب لامبدا) تمام متغیرهای آشکار که بالاتر از 4/0 است، حاکی از مطلوب بودن براش الگوی تجربی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Providing a Model for Knowledge Commercialization: A Conceptual Model and its Empirical Test

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Vahedchokdeh 1
  • Mohammad Reza Karamipour Shamsabadi 2
  • Ali Sohbatloo 3
1 PhD Student in Educational Management, Department of Educational Sciences, Zanjan Branch, University of Azad Islamic, Zanjan, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Zanjan Branch, University of Islamic Azad, Zanjan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Farhangian, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: The first objective of the present study is to identify the categories and concepts of knowledge commercialization for making a conceptual model. And the second goal is to test the model empirically.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted with a mixed exploratory strategy. Participants in the study were heads, department heads and university professors, specialists from university growth centers, and science and technology parks in Guilan province. To conduct the research, in the qualitative stage, 30 people were selected using purposive sampling and in the quantitative stage, 230 people were selected as the research sample by stratified random sampling. In the qualitative stage, the samples were interviewed in depth to achieve theoretical saturation and in the quantitative stage, participants were asked to answer the research questionnaire. The grounded theory method was used to analyze the qualitative data and the structural equation model method was used to analyze the quantitative data.
Discussion and Conclusion: In the qualitative stage, using inductive content analysis of interviews and the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin during the three stages of open, axial, and selective coding, 146 primary concepts, 23 secondary concepts, and 9 major categories (intellectual capital, academic productivity, policies and organizational capabilities, the institutionalization of commercialization, context building, networking (networking orientation), knowledge creation, competitiveness (knowledge commercialization) were extracted. Obtained from the open coding stage in the form of causal conditions, pivotal phenomena, contextual factors, intervening factors, strategies, and consequences were linked in a paradigmatic pattern. Then the conceptual model of the research was presented. In the quantitative stage, the identified components and indicators were analyzed by the structural equation method. The result of the second-order confirmation model’s fits (reported chi-square value, chi-square value divided by degrees of freedom less than 3, and comparative fit index more than 0.9), and factor load results (lambda coefficient) of all variables are obviously higher than 0.4 which indicates the empirical model is desirable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knowledge Commercialization
  • University
  • Graduates
  • Model

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